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KMID : 1143320200090040095
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Therapeutic Science for Neurorehabilitation
2020 Volume.9 No. 4 p.95 ~ p.106
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A Systematic Review on Sex Differences in Episodic Memory
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Lee Ji-Yeong
Park Jin-Hyuck
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Abstract
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Objective : The purpose of this study was to systematically review sex differences in episodic memory.
Methods : We searched previous studies published in all electronic databases between 2010 and 2019.
The key terms used in the search were ‘sex differences’ or ‘gender differences’ and ‘episodic memory’ or ‘autobiographical memory’. 8 studies were finally extracted for analysis.
Results : The 8 studies had evidence levels of Ⅱ (67.5%) and Ⅲ (37.5%), which are quite high. Healthy younger adults or healthy adults were recruited to examine sex differences in episodic memory.
Assessment methods for episodic memory were mainly divided into cognitive tasks or standardized tests using visual or auditory stimuli. Subjects were instructed to memorize the stimuli and asked to recall them after some time. Overall females outperformed male. In particular, there were significant sex differences in verbal episodic memory. In contrast, there was no significant sex difference in visual episodic memory.
Conclusion : To identify sex differences in episodic memory, a variety of test methods were used in various ways. Overall, females showed higher episodic memory than males. These findings suggest a need for cognitive intervention considering sex differences in the clinic. In the future, episodic memory tests with high ecological validity should be conducted to investigate sex differences in episodic memory.
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KEYWORD
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Cognitive function, Episodic memory, Sex differences, Systematic review
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